https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29324 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:07:00 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19185 Tue 24 Aug 2021 14:25:09 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29323 4500 g). Results: On average, women with a normal BMI gained 1 kg/m² between first and second pregnancies, while women who were overweight or obese gained 1.37 kg/m². Among women with a normal BMI in their first pregnancy, a BMI increase of ≥4 kg/m² was associated with increased risk of developing GDM (aRR 1.97; 95% CI 1.22–3.19), a macrosomic (aRR 4.06; 95% CI 2.25–7.34) or LGA infant (aRR 1.31 0.96–1.78) in the second pregnancy, while a reduction in BMI (≤–2 kg/m²) was associated with an increased risk of SGA (aRR 1.94; 1.19–3.16). Among women who were overweight or obese in their first pregnancy, a BMI increase of ≥2–4 and ≥4 kg/m² was associated with increased risks of developing GDM in the second pregnancy (aRR 1.39; 95% CI 1.01–1.91 and aRR 1.64 95% CI 1.16–2.31; _Ptrend< 0.001), while no associations were observed for a BMI increase and risk of a macrosomic, SGA, or LGA infant. In contrast, reduction in BMI (≤–2 kg/m²) was associated with a reduced risk of GDM (aRR 0.58 95% CI 0.37–0.90) and SGA (aRR 0.47; 95% CI 0.25–0.87). Conclusion: Increases in BMI between pregnancies is associated with an increased risk for perinatal complications, even in normal-weight women, while a reduction in BMI is associated with improved perinatal outcomes among women who are overweight/obese. Inter-pregnancy weight control is an important target to reduce the risk of an adverse perinatal outcome in a subsequent pregnancy.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:34:20 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19600 ACE A11860G genotype is associated with small for gestational age babies (SGA) and to determine whether the association is affected by environmental factors and fetal sex. Overall, 3234 healthy nulliparous women with singleton pregnancies, their partners and babies were prospectively recruited in Adelaide, Australia and Auckland, New Zealand. Data analyses were confined to 2121 Caucasian parent–infant trios, among which 216 were pregnancies with SGA infants and 1185 were uncomplicated pregnancies. Women with the ACE A11860G GG genotype in the combined and Adelaide cohorts had increased risk for SGA [odds ratios (OR) 1.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–2.1 and OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3–3.3, respectively) and delivered lighter babies (P = 0.02; P = 0.007, respectively) compared with those with AA/AG genotypes. The maternal ACE A11860G GG genotype was associated with higher maternal plasma ACE concentration at 15 weeks' gestation than AA/AG genotypes (P < 0.001). When the Adelaide cohort was stratified by maternal socio-economic index (SEI) and pre-pregnancy green leafy vegetable intake, the ACE A11860G GG genotype was only associated with an increased risk for SGA (OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.8–13.4 and OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.6–7.0, respectively) and a reduction in customized birthweight centile (P = 0.006 and P = 0.03) if superimposed on maternal SEI <34 or pre-pregnancy green leafy vegetable intake <1 serve/day. Furthermore, the associations of maternal ACE A11860G with customized birthweight centile observed among Adelaide women with SEI <34 or pre-pregnancy green leafy vegetable intake <1 serve/day were female specific. The current study identified a novel association of maternal ACE A11860G with SGA. More interestingly, this association was modified by environmental factors and fetal sex, suggesting ACE A11860G–environment–fetal sex interactions.]]> Fri 17 Nov 2023 11:54:01 AEDT ]]>